Assignment: Psychology Overview

Assignment: Psychology Overview

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The author Sarafino, places common beliefs in the absence of illness as indicators of health in contrast with Antonovsky’s illness/wellness.

In Asian cultures, he suggests, health is defined as the “balance between self and nature and across the individual’s various roles in life.” The synergy between nature, self, and others can result in a positive state called health.

What do you think? Indicate how the chapter readings support your position.

Required Text:

Sarafino, Edward P. (2016) Health Psychology: Biopsychosocial Interactions

(9th Ed.) Wiley

Guideline 5: “Compose existing languages where possible.” The development of a new language and an accompanying toolset is a labor-intensive task. However, it is often the case that existing languages can be reused, sometimes even without adaptation. A good example for language reuse is OCL: it can be embedded in other languages in order to define constraints on elements expressed in the hosting language.

The most general and useful form of language reuse is thus the unchanged embedding of an existing language into an- other language. A more sophisticated approach is to have predefined holes in a host language, such that the defini- tion of a new language basically consists of a composition of different languages. For textual languages this composi- tional style of language definitions is well understood and supported by sophisticated tools such as [11] which also as- sists the composition of appropriate tools.

However, according to the seamlessness principle [14], the concepts of the languages to be composed need to fit to- gether. In the UML, the object oriented paradigm under- lies both class diagrams and Statecharts which therefore fit well together. Additionally, when composing languages care must be exercised to avoid confusion: similar constructs with different semantics should be avoided.

Guideline 6: “Reuse existing language definitions.” If the language cannot be simply composed from some given lan- guage parts, e.g., by language embedding as proposed in guideline 5, it is still a good idea to reuse existing language definitions as much as possible. In [18] more possible real- ization strategies, such as language extension or language specialization are analyzed. This means, taking the defini- tion of a language as a starter to develop a new one is better than creating a language from scratch. Both the concrete and the abstract syntax will benefit from this form of reuse. The new language then might retain a look-and-feel of the original, thus allowing the user to easily identify familiar notations. Looking at the abstract syntax of existing lan- guages, one can identify “language pattern” (quite similar to design pattern), which are good guidelines for language design. For example, expressions, primary expressions, or statements have quite a common pattern in all languages.