List five (5) common signs and symptoms of the identified condition; for each provide a link to the underlying pathophysiology.

Perform critical appraisal of this paper by Kannus et al. by responding to the following questions
October 2, 2018
Identify and apply the characteristics of problem solving to the steps of the nursing process and development of nursing care plans
October 2, 2018

List five (5) common signs and symptoms of the identified condition; for each provide a link to the underlying pathophysiology.

Case Study: Mr Tupa Savea is a 54 year old male who has been transferred to the coronary care unit (CCU) from the emergency department for management of episodic chest pain. He has a history of stable angina and mitral valve stenosis. Mr Savea is of Samoan background and has lived in regional Queensland for the last 20 years with his wife and children. He was brought in by ambulance having had chest pain and shortness of breath. He reports having similar symptoms on and off for the past two months but did not visit his GP as he assumed the discomfort was due to indigestion. Mr Savea is an ex-smoker, tobacco free for the last six months and a social drinker (approx. 10 units/week). He works full-time as an orderly at a local hospital and is active in the Samoan support community. On assessment Mr Savea’s vital signs are: PR 90 bpm and irregular; RR 12 bpm; BP 150/100mmHg; Temp 36.9°C; SpO2 98% on oxygen 8L/min via Hudson mask. He has a body mass index (BMI) of 35 kg/m2 indicating clinical obesity. Blood test results show elevated cardiac enzymes and troponin levels and cholesterol level of 8.9mmol/L. His ECG indicates that he has a ST segment elevated myocardial infarction. Mr Savea was administered sublingual glyceryl trinitrate followed by morphine 2.5 mg IV for pain in the emergency department. He reports being pain free on admission to CCU. Questions: 1. Outline the causes, incidence and risk factors of the identified condition and how it can impact on the patient and family. 2. List five (5) common signs and symptoms of the identified condition; for each provide a link to the underlying pathophysiology. a.) This can be done in the form of a table – each point needs to be appropriately referenced 3. Describe two (2) common classes of drugs used for patients with the identified condition including physiological effect of each class on the body. a.)  This does not mean specific drugs but rather the class that these drugs belong to. 4. Identify and explain, in order of priority the nursing care strategies you, as the registered nurse, should use within the first 24 hours post admission for this patient