HIV Infection in Australia and Malaysia Essay

HIV is one of the most dangerous viruses of the 21-st century. According to HIV experts, “as the HIV epidemic emerged in the early 1980s, its diverse manifestations were described and categorized”(Mayer et al., 2007, p. 1).  HIV-infected people are those individuals who have the symptoms of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Statistical data show that since the emergence of the HIV epidemic, “over 60 million people have become infected with the virus, with almost 20 million dying from its complications” worldwide (Mayer et al., 2007, p. 1). HIV infection is a life-threatening virus; therefore, special attention should be paid to treatment methods. Reductions in HIV transmission require implementation of the widespread efforts, and “a mix of communication channels to disseminate messages to motivate people to engage in a range of options to reduce risk” (Coates et al., 2008, p. 669). The prevalence of this condition is different in different countries. In Australia the prevalence of HIV infection is promising, while in Malaysia, it is frightening.HIV Infection in Australia and Malaysia Essay

Defining the condition (HIV)

HIV stands for human immunodeficiency virus, which causes a life-threatening infectious disease AIDS. Today two variants of the HIV virus are identified:  HIV-1 and HIV-2. Both viruses cause AIDS. HIV is considered to be “a chronic retrovirus that affects the immune system” (Australian Social Trends, 2012).  The virus has a negative impact on the immune system and causes the onset of various life-threatening infections. If HIV infection is left untreated, it may lead to the development of AIDS, “a syndrome of opportunistic infections and diseases that develops as immunosuppression deepens” (Australian Social Trends, 2012).