Compare cofactor versus coenzymes. Give example of both.

Cellular Metabolism WORKSHEET

1. Is cellular respiration and photosynthesis an endergonic or exergonic reaction?

______________________________________________

2. What is the role of oxygen in cell respiration? Hint- Name the final electron acceptor

for aerobic respiration.

3. Name the three parts of the ATP molecule. How is ATP (energy source) similar to ATP

of RNA

4. How do enzymes act in cellular metabolism ?

5. Define these terms.

Enzyme: ________________________________

Substrate: _______________________________

Active site: _____________________________

Reactants: _____________________________

Products: _______________________________

6. What is the nature of enzymes ? Hint- Are they proteins, lipids or carbohydrates ?

7. What does selective permeability mean and why is that important to cells?

8. What types of molecules pass through membranes easily?

9. What are isotonic/hypotonic/hypertonic conditions for a cell? What is the ideal osmotic

environment for animal/plant cells and a bacteria ?

10. Compare active and passive transport.

11. Compare cofactor versus coenzymes. Give example of both.

12. Define these terms: Symbiosis, mutualism, commensalism, parasitism, autotrophs and

heterotrophs. (This is new stuff- Please surf internet !)

13. Define the terms OXIDATION AND REDUCTION.

Indicate whether the compounds listed below are in their OXIDIZED or REDUCED forms.

a. NAD+ c. NADH

b. FADH2 d. FAD

14. Indicate whether the following questions refer to:

Glycolysis

Citric Acid Cycle

Electron Transport Chain

Fermentation

a. Which produces ATP by chemiosmosis?

b. Which forms pyruvate?

c. Which produce carbon dioxide as a waste product?

d. Which takes place in the presence or absence of oxygen?

e. Which takes place on the inner membrane of the mitochondrion?

f. Which take place in the cytoplasm of the cell?

g. Which produce ATP by substrate level phosphorylation?

h. Which makes use of compounds known as cytochromes?

i. Which uses oxygen directly?

j. Which takes place in the mitochondrial matrix?

15. Under what environmental conditions do microbes and human muscle cells produce LACTIC ACID? Does chemical reaction from Pyruvate to lactate produce any ATP? If not, then what is the purpose of this activity?

16. How many carbon atoms are present in the following?

a. Glucose

b. Pyruvate

c. The Acetyl group carried by Coenzyme A

d. Oxaloacetate

e. Citrate

f. Ethanol

g. Lactic Acid

17. Define:

h. Substrate Level Phosphorylation

i. Oxidative Phosphorylation (Electron Transport Phosphorylation)