Compare and contrast the role of the respiratory and renal systems in regulating acid‐base balance.

A nurse is taking care of an 85-year-old woman in a hospital based skilled nursing facility. In report, the nurse is told the patient has not been breathing well for the past 2 days. She has been lethargic, her skin is warm and dry, and she has a decreased urine output. The following laboratory findings were returned from the laboratory immediately after morning report: Na: 147 Cl 110 K 4.0 Blood Gases: pH 7.33 PCO2 34 HCO3 27 Po2 96 Urine: Urine Specific Gravity 1.040 Address the following: 1. Identify each of the abnormal laboratory findings in the above results. 2. What specific electrolyte disturbance does the patient have? 3. What clinical manifestations would the nurse expect to see with this electrolyte abnormality presented above? 4. If the patient had an increase in her potassium level, what clinical manifestations would the nurse monitor for? 5. What blood gas abnormality is seen in this patient? Please discuss the rationale for your answer. 6. What are the three major mechanisms of pH regulation? While APA style is not required for the body of this assignment, solid academic writing is expected, and documentation of sources should be presented using APA formatting guidelines, which can be found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. 1. Compare alterations in electrolytes and their presentations. 2. Differentiate between acid‐base imbalances: metabolic acidosis, metabolic alkalosis, respiratory acidosis, and respiratory alkalosis. 3. Compare and contrast the role of the respiratory and renal systems in regulating acid‐base balance. 4. Compare and contrast the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and mechanism of action of agents used to treat volume and ionic composition of body fluids.