Abstract
The relationship between Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and bipolar disorder has received a lot of attention. Several studies carried out have yielded reports suggesting possible association between ADHD and bipolar disorder, however, debates still linger on the explanation to the co-occurrence of the two especially in young children.
The complexity in co-occurrence of the two illnesses makes it hard to differentiate children suffering from ADHD from those with bipolar disorder. This study evaluated the relationship between ADHD and bipolar disorder in children.

We assessed symptoms related to ADHD and bipolar. We reviewed recent literatures and recorded findings. From the findings, there was bidirectional relationship between ADHD and bipolar. Studies yielded results that indeed showed the possibilities of co-occurrence of ADHD and bipolar in children. Most studies also revealed the comorbidity of ADHD and bipolar in children as a complex diagnostic situation.

Introduction
Recent debates focusing on controversies surrounding misdiagnosis of bipolar disorder in children experiencing emotional and behavioral problems have confronted the psychiatric profession. Additionally, the exposure of children to mood stabilizers as a medical procedure has received a lot of controversies.

Even though the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved functional prescriptions for children, such uncertainties may lead to lack of treatment of bipolar disorder in children, and underdiagnosis in youths. Therefore, attempts to understand concerns surrounding the diagnosis confusion are important.

The key component element featured in the debates on the legitimacy of bipolar diagnosis in youth is supported by the high overlap of bipolar disorder with ADHD (Milberger, et al., 1995). Both ADHD and bipolar disorder exhibit behavioral symptoms associated with physical hyper activeness, disruption, and agitation.

Thus, behavioral symptoms associated with ADHD like lack of patience, attention and organization are possibly shown by the elements of mania in bipolar disorder. Besides, various mania symptoms, for instance euphoria likely occur the same time with ADHD (Geller, et al., 2002). Farther, the diagnosis of ADHD is complicated by the inclusion of elements that de-regulate emotions (Anastopoulos, Smith, & Garrett, 2011).
Predicaments surrounding the diagnosis of bipolar disorder in adolescents and children are broadly taken, especially with the comorbidity nature of bipolar disorder and ADHD. Issues related to misdiagnosis of the two mental conditions are enclosed by different arguments and dependable findings.

This report gives a background study on the relationship between bipolar disorder and ADHD and the degree of co-occurrence and future relationships of ADHD and bipolar disorder in children. Further, the report proposes clinical recommendations and supplementary areas of research to improve diagnostic treatment.

Research questions
Prospective explanations on the co-occurrence between ADHD and bipolar disorder exist. This report will scrutinize different explanations using statistics from clinical and genetic studies. The report will investigate if there is evidence to support that:

Bipolar symptoms lead to over-diagnosis of ADHD in children with bipolar disorder
ADHD is a prior expression of bipolar disorder diagnosis in children
ADHD and other linked factors lead to early diagnosis of bipolar disorder in children
The details above evoke similar features between bipolar disorder and ADHD that can be investigated using facts from current literature. Therefore, we will use the details to survey prospective relationships between ADHD and bipolar disorder.

Significance of the Study
The importance of accurate diagnosis is widely assumed by either side of the argument. Bipolar underdiagnosis especially in children and youth may lead to lack of early treatment. On the other side, overdiagnosis of bipolar disorder in ADHD children would have short and long term effects caused by mood stabilizers and antidepressant medication procedures.

Farther, the assumption of non existence of ADHD in bipolar kids and vice versa may underutilize preventive measures. Therefore, it is important to examine literature on reliable differentiation techniques of these disorders, and diagnostic uncertainties resulting from both disorders.

Research Background
Before we examine the co-occurrence of the two disorders, it is important to study each mental condition. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a common childhood disorder. Recent reports indicate that ADHD prevalence in America rates at 9.6 percent of school-age children (Leibenluft, et al., 2003).