Are the major variables (independent and dependent variables) identified and defined? What were these variables? Identify the time period for data collection of the study.

Are the major variables (independent and dependent variables) identified and defined? What were these variables?
Identify the time period for data collection of the study.

Quantitative Research Review

Clinical care in a health facility is an important continuous process, which is aimed at creating a better understanding of the underlying issues within the focus on the delivery of quality patient care. There are a number of aspects, which are considered in creating a better understanding of nursing care at a given time. This means that there is significant need to develop an outward report, which provides important information about a given session of care delivery (Rogers et.al, 2016). Provision of the nursing report is an important consideration in attaining quality care within any given healthcare facility. Therefore, there are different approaches that are considered in nurse reporting. Bedside reporting has been lately considered as the most effective nursing care reporting since it captures crucial information. Therefore, the focus of this paper is to provide a critical understanding of background, methods, results and ethical considerations of the study conducted by Sand‐Jecklin and Sherman on quantitative assessment of patient and nurse outcomes of bedside nursing report implementation (Sand‐Jecklin and Sherman, 2014).

Background of the study

Nursing care significantly focuses on the key underlying issues within the delivery of quality care. Communication in healthcare is an important process, and thus there is significant need to ensure that there is a better implementation better technique, which can be used to provide quality information. There have been significant considerations regarding bedside reporting as significantly identified by nursing with a significant number suggesting that bedside reporting can provide a critical understanding of the underlying aspects which are not always captured in the usual normal form of reporting. However, despite the significant focus on nursing reporting most of the published studies have been unable to effectively quantify outcomes that are related to the process change (Pearce and McCarry, 2016). This has been significantly attributed to the fact that most of these studies do not incorporate significant sample sizes or unrecognizable thus making it difficult to achieve a better understanding of the quantitative measures that are put in place. Thus, inadequate quantitative studies have provided a significant loophole where it is difficult decisions based on the assumptions made regarding bedside reporting. The key research question considered in the study was to assess patient and nurse outcomes of bedside nursing report implementation through quantitative consideration.

Are the major variables (independent and dependent variables) identified and defined? What were these variables?
Identify the time period for data collection of the study.
Describe the data management and analysis methods used in the study.

The study employed the use of quantitative research method, which was significantly sufficient in providing a greater understanding of the issues that were being addressed since it sought to provide a significant understanding of patient and nurse outcomes of bedside nursing report implementation from an experimental point of view. The study incorporated quasi-experimental pre and post implementation design to obtain significant outcome regarding the purpose of the study. A large university hospital was considered where seven medical-surgical units were considered where both blends of recorded and bedside nursing report were assessed. The data collection process started after the internal board approval. The participants were required to sign the consent forms. The key outcome that was considered included patient and nursing satisfaction, medical errors, nursing overtime, and patient falls (Sand‐Jecklin and Sherman, 2014).

The methodology that was adopted by the study was very efficient in providing a better understanding of the underlying issues in bedside nurse reporting where the existing loopholes were effectively engaged. The key risk of participation that was addressed in the study included confidentiality and privacy of the respondents (Krenz, 2017). The study thus significantly focused on this issue, and thus confidentiality of the participants was assured since there was no conclusion of personal information, which could link a participant to a set of answers provided. The participants were also expected to sign a consent form showing that they are participating voluntarily in the study. The data collection process therefore incorporated survey approach where questionnaires were distributed within the Mid-Atlantic university hospital. The methodology applied provided a better environment where quality results would be obtained from the study, and they also focused on eliminating any level of biases. The author highlighted the weaknesses of the existing studies highlighting that they did not provide clear information that could create an enabling environment where decision making regarding bedside reporting could be developed (Sand‐Jecklin and Sherman, 2014).

Results of the study

The patient views on nursing care were completed by 233 patients where 157 included patients at three months post implementation and 154 at 13-month post implementation. The baseline nursing perception survey was completed by 148 nurses. The results of the study showed significant improvements post implementation in four patient survey items that were considered. There were significantly improved nursing perceptions of the report in the areas of patient safety and involvement in care and nursing accountability. The study was also able to reveal that there was a decline in nursing perception that took a reasonable amount of time after bedside report implementation. The study was also able to reveal that to a significant extent both nurses and patients revealed that the bedside report was not steadily executed (Sand‐Jecklin and Sherman, 2014).

Therefore, the study revealed that there are significant positive outcomes documented regarding the implementation of blended bedside shift report with slightly fewer drawbacks. It was also revealed that nursing attitude about the report at the final data was more positive than the initial post implementation data collection. Therefore, the quantitative consideration of the issues focused upon in the study was able to provide quality information regarding the focus on bedside nurse reporting. The results provide a clear understanding of effective ways where quality healthcare delivery can be engaged where both patients and nursing care providers understand the critical aspects involved in the delivery of quality care. The findings from the study can be significantly applied in general nursing practice since they focus on improving the quality of care delivered (Whitty et.al, 2016).

Ethical consideration

Ethics play a very significant role in any research, and thus there is significant need to ensure that a research puts in place better understanding of the underlying ethical issues to ensure that the study conforms to the required research standards. The study was conducted after significant review and approval from the internal review board. This shows that the study was conducted within the required research ethical constraints (Sand‐Jecklin and Sherman, 2014).

Confidentiality is an important aspect of any research, and thus the respondents need to be assured of the privacy regarding the information that is being developed. The privacy of the participants was significantly upheld. The study included a consent form where participants were expected to sign showing their willingness to participate in the study voluntary having been convinced about their wellbeing. The study significantly followed all the available ethical considerations and thus created a very much enabled environment where quality results were obtained without infringing or invading participant’s privacy. Quasi-experimental is a critical research design, and thus it significantly requires that the methodology in data collection do no harm to the respondents since it is an important thing to ensure that privacy of the respondents is upheld (Groves et.al, 2016).

Conclusion

The study findings provide a critical understanding of bedside nurse reporting considering the significant vital benefits that bedside reporting brings within the clinical care. The benefits of bedside nurse reporting provide a significant focus on better communication consideration within healthcare settings. The results from the study thus play a very critical role in creating a better understanding between healthcare providers and patients since critical information can be obtained through bedside nurse reporting compared to other forms of reporting within healthcare that includes a common understanding between patients and nursing care providers (Sand‐Jecklin and Sherman, 2014).

Bedside reporting, therefore, focuses on improved nursing satisfaction and patient safety outcomes and thus it is important to understand that considering these important aspects of clinical care will boost the overall understanding and implementation of quality care since it aims at maximizing the delivery of quality care in healthcare facilities. Effective implementation of the study findings in clinical care will provide a clean environment where it is easy to assess and understand the key issues facing nursing service providers as well as patients in a health facility. This provides a better platform where better countermeasures can be put in place to ensure that challenges facing nurses and patients are significantly dealt with thus providing effective and quality care where the wellbeing of different players in healthcare are well engaged.

References

Groves, P. S., Manges, K. A., & Scott-Cawiezell, J. (2016). Handing Off Safety at the Bedside. Clinical nursing research, 25(5), 473-493.

Krenz, A. (2017, March). Patient Perspectives on Bedside Reporting. In NURSING RESEARCH (Vol. 66, No. 2, pp. E17-E17). TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA: LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS.

Pearce, I. S., & McCarry, N. (2016). Let’s chat: Bedside reporting in the ED. Nursing2016 Critical Care, 11(4), 48.

Rogers, J., Li, R., Clements, R., Casperson, S., & Sifri, C. (2017). Can We Talk? The Bedside Report Project. Critical Care Nurse, 37(2), 104-107.

Sand‐Jecklin, K., & Sherman, J. (2014). A quantitative assessment of patient and nurse outcomes of bedside nursing report implementation. Journal of clinical nursing, 23(19-20), 2854-2863.

Whitty, J. A., Spinks, J., Bucknall, T., Tobiano, G., & Chaboyer, W. (2016). Patient and nurse preferences for implementation of bedside handover: Do they agree? Findings from a discrete choice experiment. Health Expectations.

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