Ranitidine Medication’s Pharmaceutical Analysis Essay

Abstract
Ranitidine belongs to the category of H2-receptor blocker drugs. Its mechanism of action entails blocking histamine-2 receptors to prevent histamine from binding, effectively acid release by gastric parietal cells. Oral ranitidine tablets (150 mg) are indicated in the treatment of GERD, gastric and duodenal ulcers (GUs and DUs), hypersecretory states, and pyrosis (heartburn), among others. Its pharmacokinetic (ADME) properties include bioavailability rate of 50% and peaks of 450-545 ng/ml after 3 hours, serum distribution level of 1.4 L/kg, excretion of 4% nitric oxide metabolite, and a 24-hour clearance rate of 410 ml/min. Its pharmacodynamic properties include suppressed bioavailability of drugs with pKa < 3.5, interaction with pirenzepine, and antisecretory effects on reflexive gastric acid. Ranitidine Medication’s Pharmaceutical Analysis Essay

The side/adverse effects of ranitidine use include CNS disturbances such as dizziness and hallucinations, cardiovascular complications, and GI effects like diarrhea, vomiting, and nausea. Other reported side effects include cholestatic hepatitis, hematologic disorders such as leucopenia, thrombopenia, and granulocytopenia, respiratory effects, and musculoskeletal complications. Ranitidine has been shown through clinical trials to be an effective treatment for DUs and GUs, GERD, Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, and pyrosis when used at appropriate dosage levels and frequency. The risks associated with this drug include drug interaction effects, porphyric attacks, and side effects on pediatric patients and pregnant mothers.