Postprandial Blood Glucose Assignment

Postprandial Blood Glucose Assignment

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Question 87. Question : The elderly are at high risk of ADRs due to: Having greater muscle mass than younger adults, leading to higher volume of distribution The extensive studies that have been conducted on drug safety in this age group The blood-brain barrier being less permeable, requiring higher doses to achieve therapeutic effect Age-related decrease in renal function Question 88. Question : Jim presents with fungal infection of two of his toenails (onychomycosis). Treatment for fungal infections of the nail includes: Miconazole cream Ketoconazole cream Oral griseofulvin Mupirocin cream Question 89. Question : GLP-1 agonists: Directly bind to a receptor in the pancreatic beta cell. Have been approved for monotherapy. Speed gastric emptying to decrease appetite. Can be given orally once daily. Question 90. Question : Prophylactic use of bisphosphonates is recommended for patients with early osteopenia related to long-term use of which of the following drugs? Selective estrogen-receptor modulators Aspirin Glucocorticoids Calcium supplements Question 91. Question : Inadequate vitamin D intake can contribute to the development of osteoporosis by: Increasing calcitonin production Increasing calcium absorption from the intestine Altering calcium metabolism Stimulating bone formation Question 92. Question : Which of the following statements is true about age and pain? Use of drugs that depend heavily on the renal system for excretion may require dosage adjustments in very young children. Among the NSAIDs, indomethacin is the preferred drug because of lower adverse effects profiles than other NSAIDs. Older adults who have dementia probably do not experience much pain due to loss of pain receptors in the brain. Acetaminophen is especially useful in both children and adults because it has no effect on platelets and has fewer adverse effects than NSAIDs. Question 93. Question : Selective estrogen receptor modifiers (SERMs) treat osteoporosis by selectively: Inhibiting magnesium resorption in the kidneys Increasing calcium absorption from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract Acting on the bone to inhibit osteoblast activity Selectively acting on the estrogen receptors in the bone Question 94. Question : When a patient is on selective-serotonin reuptake inhibitors: The complete blood count must be monitored every three to four months Therapeutic blood levels must be monitored every six months after a steady state is achieved. Blood glucose must be monitored every three to four months. There is no laboratory monitoring required. Question 95. Question : Patients whose total dose of prednisone exceed 1 gram will most likely need a second prescription for _________. metformin, a biguanide to prevent diabetes omeprazole, a proton pump inhibitor to prevent peptic ulcer disease naproxen, an NSAID to treat joint pain furosemide, a diuretic to treat fluid retention Question 96. Question : The ongoing monitoring of patients over the age sixty-five years taking alendronate (Fosamax) or any other bisphosphonate is: Annual dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scans Annual vitamin D level Annual renal function evaluation Electrolytes every three months Question 97. Question : Anticholinergic agents, such as benztropine (Cogentin), may be given with a phenothiazine to: Reduce the chance of tardive dyskinesia. Potentiate the effects of the drug. Reduce the tolerance that tends to occur. Increase CNS depression. Question 98. Question : Diagnostic criteria for diabetes include: Fasting blood glucose greater than 140 mg/dl on two occasions Postprandial blood glucose greater than 140 mg/dl Fasting blood glucose 100 to 125 mg/dl on two occasions Symptoms of diabetes plus a casual blood glucose greater than 200 mg/dl Question 99. Question : Insulin preparations are divided into categories based on onset, duration, and intensity of action following subcutaneous inject. Which of the following insulin preparations has the shortest onset and duration of action? Insulin lispro Insulin glulisine Insulin glargine Insulin detemir Question 100. Cynthia is taking valproate (Depakote) for seizures and would like to get pregnant. What advice would you give her? Valproate is safe during all trimesters of pregnancy. She can get pregnant while taking valproate, but she should take adequate folic acid. Valproate is not safe at any time during pregnancy. Valproate is a known teratogen but may be taken after the first trimester if necessary.