Discuss nutritional implication of obesity and dieting .

1. Please pick one topic that you have a passion for and want to learn more about.

2. You will need to complete a library search and choose 10 North American Journals

4. Include reference page

Note my Topic: OBESITY and DIET

You will need to pick one topic for your project (5 pts)

Literature search

Use the Metrix attached for the assignment, and example is also attached

2

Literature Review Matrix Assignment

Topic: Obesity and Diet

Author/Journal

Methodology

Level of Evidence

Analysis &

Results

Conclusions

Implications for

Future research

Implications

For practice

Cena, H., Stanford, F. C., Ochner, L., Fonte, M. L., Biino, G., De Giuseppe, R., … & Misra, M. (2017). Association of a history of childhood-onset obesity and dieting with eating disorders. Eating disorders, 25(3), 216-229.

This study mostly focused on secondary sources of information but also applied observation, retrospective approach and the sue of a controlled survey..

Level III

Analysis: The study used secondary data, observational chart review as well as a small sample size.

Results: The study was able to prove that there is a rise in the number of eating disorders that are impacting children even at an early age.

It has become vital to ensure that more and more people are made openly aware on the need for watching the diets of their respective children. This happens to be vital mainly because more and more children are falling into an eating disorder trap that results in them being obese.

Future research can be able to benefit much more on understanding the need for identifying the right forms of diets that can impact an individuals health.

Future kindergarten and learning programs for children should include the need of understanding eating options in relation to one’s future health.

Dall TM, Fulgoni VL 3rd, Zhang Y, Reimers KJ, Packard PT, & Astwood JD. (2009). Potential health benefits and medical cost savings from calorie, sodium, and saturated fat reductions in the American diet. American Journal of Health Promotion, 23(6), 412–422. https://doi-org.dyc.idm.oclc.org/10.4278/ajhp.080930-QUAN-226

The core methodology that was utilized was a simulation model from a nutrition impact model that collected, combined and evaluated results from various national surveys, peer reviewed studies and official government reports.

Level II

Analysis: The simulation model predicts disease prevalence and medical expenditures under hypothetical dietary change scenarios.

Results: We estimate that permanent 100-kcal reductions in daily intake would eliminate approximately 71.2 million cases of overweight/obesity and save $58 billion annually. Long-term sodium intake reductions of 400 mg/d in those with uncontrolled hypertension would eliminate about 1.5 million cases, saving $2.3 billion annually. Decreasing 5 g/d of saturated fat intake in those with elevated cholesterol would eliminate 3.9 million cases, saving $2.0 billion annually (Dall TM et al. 2009).

The extensive research that was done in the study did make it possible to empower the authors to finally be able to prove that modest and aggressive dieting accompanied with physical exercise can make it possible to eradicate medical costs.

Health and exercise happens to be well known and are also well known to work hand in hand in making it possible to eradicate the probabilities of becoming obese. This can be very beneficial for future research where findings can be made on the best forms of workouts that can be utilized.

Health and gym trainers need to be well educated on the importance of proper dieting options which can also be passed on to the masses that they are training.

Drewnowski, A. (2004). Obesity and the food environment: dietary energy density and diet costs. American journal of preventive medicine, 27(3), 154-162.

A detailed qualitative and quantitative analysis was conducted on various subjects from which the results were used to offered a valid finding.

Level VI

Analysis: This study was able to focus more on a comparative technique.

Results: Regions that experience a low economic and lifestyle standard are prone to have more restaurants that offer unhealthy options that are cheaper which ends up making healthier meals costlier. This does prove that poverty, obesity and poor nutrition are closely related.

The study has concluded that the highest number of people who are suffering from obesity happen to be people who are facing high rates of poverty and also experience a low education level. Thus, living standards end up making it difficult to ensure such individuals can lead a normal and healthy lifestyle.

Future studies can end up focusing more on identifying the overall relationship between economic positions, life standards as well as that on health especially when it comes to obesity.

Societies need to band together and invest in securing the future of the children in the society by making sure that restaurants and surrounding food joints offer healthy meal options.

Gaines, K. K. (2015). The elephant in the room–Pandemic obesity. Urologic nursing, 35(4), 161-164.

The study mostly relied on secondary data from past surveys and a comparative analysis on the data.

Level II

Analysis: Content analysis was the main application that was used in this study since it depended on secondary sources of data.

Results: the results proved that the number of cases of obesity across the USA are on a gradual rise when compared to other nations.

Obesity has ended up becoming more of a medical difficulty that has been overwhelmed the United States to the point of becoming difficult to cater to through government funding.

Future studies can be used with the sole purpose of promoting the need to better understand as well as be aware of why obesity is becoming more of a pandemic especially across the USA.

The government and other health based organizations will have to invest in restructuring the education being offered to the public masses regarding an individuals health.

Hee Soon, K. I. M., Jiyoung, P. A. R. K., Yumi, M. A., & Mihae, I. M. (2019). What are the barriers at home and school to healthy eating?: Overweight/obese child and parent perspectives. The Journal of Nursing Research, 27(5), e48.

Focus group interviews were conducted with 15 overweight/obese children and 15 parents. A standard manual with open-ended questions was developed. Content analysis was used to identify key findings.

Level I

Analysis: A controlled survey was the main analysis method that was applied in this study and was seconded by content analysis which was also utilized in identifying key results.

Results: The participants were able to point out that they did understand hat the environment of an individual especially a child can end up impacting their eating habits and they were also able to identify that there are various barriers that impact the proper set up of healthier environments.

The surroundings of a child have a high probability of impacting the health level that a child is bound to have over time. The article has determined that By closely evaluating the education curriculum and home environs, the study concludes that little is being done to cater to the need for physical education exercises or healthier meals for children causing them to end up becoming more reliant on unhealthy and unbalanced meals and avoiding any physical activities

By better understanding how the surroundings of a child can impact their health standards, future studies can easily be used to evaluate how the health and eating habits of a child can be influenced by their surrounding which ends up affecting the choice of meals they opt to go for.

The departments of health will have to take more time in focusing on the overall health of the students in schools and also evaluating the types of physical health programs that are being provided to ensure that children remain healthy and fit.

Konttinen, H., Haukkala, A., Sarlio-Lähteenkorva, S., Silventoinen, K., & Jousilahti, P. (2009). Eating styles, self-control and obesity indicators. The moderating role of obesity status and dieting history on restrained eating. Appetite, 53(1), 131-134.

This study used an experimental approach where a sample size was used to conduct analysis on dieting history from which the data was compared against the obesity indicators and self control of a sample size aged 25 to 27 years.

Level III

Analysis: A comparative analysis was applied in this study where data from different timelines was compared to identify significant changes over time.

Results: Results suggest that restrained eating may be related to better weight control among those who need and/or are motivated to lose weight while among others it may indicate problems with eating.

Eating is a self induced aspect that tends to be driven by the desires and needs that an individual has. Thus through self-control, it does become possible to monitor and regulate what an individual will choose to eat.

Self-control does raise future case studies that can be evaluated on the subject of self-induced decisions that relate to one’s health and dietary options. This can be used to determine if letting a child make the option to eat does end up impacting their health.

As much as a child and parents too are being educated on subject matters pertaining life, it is also essential to invest in educating people more on the aspect of eating healthier based off an individuals self ambitions.

Li, Y., Robinson, L. E., Carter, W. M., & Gupta, R. (2015). Childhood obesity and community food environments in Alabama’s Black Belt region. Child: Care, Health & Development, 41(5), 668–676. https://doi-org.dyc.idm.oclc.org/10.1111/cch.12204

By selecting a study area, the study was able to collect a fitting sample size which was then utilized in conducting a survey measure.

Level VI

Analysis: The study utilized both qualitative and quantitative analysis applications to evaluate the data collected from 613 African American students across four different elementary schools in the selected case region.

Results: Approximately 42.1% of surveyed children were overweight or obese, much higher than the national average, 30.6%.

Children are becoming more and more affected by the foods that surround them and within their communities. Such foods are gradually impacting how children grow and over time they are having negative diets that are only causing them to be rather obese which is reflecting the poor eating habits and food types being offered in various communities.

Similar to other studies in this listing will end up focusing on the future of communities and how they impact the society especially children in the society. This will also end up impacting the forms of meals that children end up residing for and thus, future studies can be beneficial in determine the types of meals children go for.

Developing targeted intervention programs do come in handy in educating mass publics on the need for healthier meal options and how this can also be obtained at cheaper costs.

Ruxton, C. H. S. (2011). Nutritional implications of obesity and dieting. Nutrition bulletin, 36(2), 199-211.

This study mostly focused on using government and health department surveys and reports especially those that focused on dietary assessment among obese populations.

Level IV

Analysis: The analysis process was focused on secondary sources of data including statistical evidence presented in other studies.

Results: Considering that the cases of gradual increasing cases of low-micronutrient states across obese population, it has become essential to focus on more dietary interventions that also focus on improved vitamin and mineral intakes.

Overweight people seem to struggle more and more as time progresses mainly because the at a greater risk of suffering from other health conditions such as reduced minerals and vitamins and health standards.

As much as overweight individuals seem to struggle more with various forms of illnesses, it is important to determine what types of illnesses these might be and how they are impacting them as a means of offering guidance to parents or individuals suffering from obesity and poor eating habits.

Nutritionists will have to take a more direct approach in educating people on why it is important to eat healthier meals and how nutritional focused meals can impact better living standards.

Sira, N., & Pawlak, R. (2010). Prevalence of overweight and obesity, and dieting attitudes among Caucasian and African American college students in Eastern North Carolina: a cross-sectional survey. Nutrition research and practice, 4(1), 36-42.

A cross-sectional survey was used to investigate the rates of overweight and obesity (BMI ≥ 25), and eating attitudes among college students. Data were collected at a large southeastern university. Adolescents (ages 18-25) self-reported weight and height (to calculate BMI), and, in addition to demographic information, completed the eating attitudes (EAT 26) scale to assess dieting tendencies.

Level II

Analysis: The research study utilized the use of statistical analysis.

Results: Analysis of dieting attitudes (EAT 26) demonstrated that more than 12% of students in this sample (higher rates recorded by females) reported to have disturbed eating attitudes.

The health ratings across different races in the USA does prove that the ratings of overweight and obese people happens to be rather different which proves that overweight and obesity does seem to affect different demographics.

By being able to better understand the health standards of of different people across different states across the world it does become possible to ensure more lessons and information can be obtained over how different regions impact the obesity levels of people based on health and meals offered in the regions.

Researchers will have to determine the impact of health and obesity on different individuals from different racial positions in order to be able to allow people to have the option of making a well informed dietary option.

Wilson, G. T. (2002). The controversy over dieting. Eating disorders and obesity: A comprehensive handbook, 2, 93-97.

This study mostly focused on the sue of theories and secondary studies to second the theoretical approach as a means of supporting the claims made in the study.

Level VII

Analysis: The authors focused on conducting theoretical analysis where claims were being supported by secondary sources.

Results: The study was able to prove that there are negative impacts when it coems to binge eating, poor dieting structures, and obesity too can be caused by psychological imbalances.

Dieting is a very complex subject that happens to rely on the biological nature of an individual which affects how the human body reacts.

Future studies can make an effort in evaluating various forms of diets and the impact that these diets have had on various individuals over the years.

Public dieting options have been massively promoted over the years, but not many people know the overall need for making a better dietary option. This is something that can be changed with the right information and guidance.

References