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Describe the functions of the liver that are related to digestion.

Physiological Processes and the Human Body This module will review the biological processes of the human body. The body’s control systems must work together in order for a human to survive. This module will explore the body’s circulatory, respiratory, digestive, and urinary systems, as well as its nervous and endocrine systems. In addition, you will discover the body’s ability to evaluate sensory input, and you will learn the anatomy of sensory organs. Also, this module will provide an in-depth study of human reproduction, sex, and sexuality. A person’s sexuality includes the structure and function of the sex organs, sexual behavior, and the ways in which culture influences sexual behavior. Learning Objectives Upon completion of this module, you should be able to:
12A Explain why a strongly pumping heart, open arteries, and veins are essential to good health.
12B Examine the function of breathing to oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange.
12C Describe how the processes of breathing, circulation, and exercise are interrelated.
12D State the role of various organs of the digestive system in the enzymatic, mechanical, and chemical digestion of foods.
12E Describe the functions of the liver that are related to digestion.
12F Identify how the kidneys regulate the salt and water content of the body.
12G Examine how the circulatory system and respiratory system interact to maintain pH and oxygen levels.
12H Identify the kinds of environmental changes to which the various sense organs respond.
13A Explain why a particular hormone affects only certain tissues.
13B State how nerve cells carry information from one place to another.
13C Describe the ionic events that take place at the nerve cell membrane and at the synapse.
13D Examine the molecular events that cause muscle contraction.
13E Explain why damage to a particular part of the brain affects a specific sensory or motor ability.
14A Distinguish among the immune mechanisms.
14B Differentiate between T and B cells.
14C Describe autoimmune diseases.
15A State the role played by each component of both the male and female reproductive system components.
15B Examine how the expression of sexuality varies among individuals.
15C Describe some aspects of sexual behavior that are strongly influenced by culture and other that may be hereditary.Module 8 Reading Assignment Enger, E. D., Ross, F. C., & Bailey, D. B. (2012). Concepts in biology (14th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill. Chapters 24, 26, and 27. Optional Reading Assignment: Chapter 25, Nutrition: Food and Diet. Physiological Processes and the Human Body There are ten systems that work together to help our bodies function correctly. It is truly amazing that our bodies are so complex with so many systems, but we still go on with our days not really thinking about the details. In this module, we will be taking a closer look into each body system. The circulatory system is made up of the heart, arteries, and veins. The main part of the circulatory system is the heart. The heart pumps blood through a network of veins and arteries to carry nutrients and oxygen to the rest of the body. If the heart did not pump the oxygen and nutrients to the rest of the body, the other organ systems would not function properly. The major job of the arteries is to carry the oxygen and nutrient-rich blood away from the heart to other parts of our body while the veins are responsible for transporting the oxygen-poor blood. Without the blood stream delivering the proper nutrients to our organs, the body would not have anything to digest and process for energy. The digestive system contains several parts which include the mouth, esophagus, stomach, and intestines. The process of digestion begins as the saliva breaks down the food in the oral cavity. As the food is broken down, it travels through the esophagus into your stomach, where gastric juices process and break down the food further. The particles then move into the intestines where the nutrients are extracted through the intestinal walls through small blood vessels. This is the point that the nutrients enter the blood stream to be distributed to the rest of the body.