Name the three parts of the ATP molecule

Cellular Metabolism WORKSHEET

1. Is cellular respiration and photosynthesis an endergonic or exergonic reaction?

______________________________________________

2. What is the role of oxygen in cell respiration? Hint- Name the final electron acceptor

for aerobic respiration.

3. Name the three parts of the ATP molecule. How is ATP (energy source) similar to ATP

of RNA

4. How do enzymes act in cellular metabolism ?

5. Define these terms.

Enzyme: ________________________________

Substrate: _______________________________

Active site: _____________________________

Reactants: _____________________________

Products: _______________________________

6. What is the nature of enzymes ? Hint- Are they proteins, lipids or carbohydrates ?

7. What does selective permeability mean and why is that important to cells?

8. What types of molecules pass through membranes easily?

9. What are isotonic/hypotonic/hypertonic conditions for a cell? What is the ideal osmotic

environment for animal/plant cells and a bacteria ?

10. Compare active and passive transport.

11. Compare cofactor versus coenzymes. Give example of both.

12. Define these terms: Symbiosis, mutualism, commensalism, parasitism, autotrophs and

heterotrophs. (This is new stuff- Please surf internet !)

13. Define the terms OXIDATION AND REDUCTION.

Indicate whether the compounds listed below are in their OXIDIZED or REDUCED forms.

a. NAD+ c. NADH

b. FADH2 d. FAD

14. Indicate whether the following questions refer to:

Glycolysis

Citric Acid Cycle

Electron Transport Chain

Fermentation

a. Which produces ATP by chemiosmosis?

b. Which forms pyruvate?

c. Which produce carbon dioxide as a waste product?

d. Which takes place in the presence or absence of oxygen?

e. Which takes place on the inner membrane of the mitochondrion?

f. Which take place in the cytoplasm of the cell?

g. Which produce ATP by substrate level phosphorylation?

h. Which makes use of compounds known as cytochromes?

i. Which uses oxygen directly?

j. Which takes place in the mitochondrial matrix?

15. Under what environmental conditions do microbes and human muscle cells produce LACTIC ACID? Does chemical reaction from Pyruvate to lactate produce any ATP? If not, then what is the purpose of this activity?

16. How many carbon atoms are present in the following?

a. Glucose

b. Pyruvate

c. The Acetyl group carried by Coenzyme A

d. Oxaloacetate

e. Citrate

f. Ethanol

g. Lactic Acid

17. Define:

h. Substrate Level Phosphorylation

i. Oxidative Phosphorylation (Electron Transport Phosphorylation)

18. Locations:

a. Where does Kreb Cycle happen in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells?

Eukaryotic cell: _______________ Prokaryotic cell: ________________

b. Where does oxidative phosphorylation happens in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells?

Eukaryotic cell: _______________ Prokaryotic cell: ________________

c. Where does glycolysis happens in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells?

Eukaryotic cell: _______________ Prokaryotic cell: ________________

d. Where does Photo part (light cycle) of Photosynthesis process happens in eukaryotic and

prokaryotic cells?

Eukaryotic cell: _______________ Prokaryotic cell: ________________

e. Where does synthetic part (Calvin Cycle) of photosynthesis happens in eukaryotic and

prokaryotic cells?

Eukaryotic cell: _______________ Prokaryotic cell: ________________

f. Oxygen generated from photosynthesis originates from which reactants of photosynthetic

reaction ?

GENETICS

1. The DNA double helix has a uniform diameter because ________, which have two rings, always pair with ________, which have one ring.

A) purines; pyrimidines ;

B) pyrimidines; purines

C) deoxyribose sugars; ribose sugars ;

D) ribose sugars; deoxyribose sugars

E) nucleotides; nucleoside triphosphates

2. What kind of chemical bond is found between paired bases of the DNA double helix?

A) hydrogen ; B) ionic ; C) covalent ; D) sulfhydryl ; E) Phosphate

3. The monomers of nucleic acids are

A) amino acids; B) monosaccharides.; C) nucleotides.

D) fatty acids. E) nucleic acids

4. Refer to the following list of enzymes and proteins to answer the following questions. The answers may be used once, more than once, or not at all.

A. helicase B. nuclease

C. ligase D. DNA polymerase I

E. Primase F. DNA polymerase III

Fill in the blanks or answer question from choices above:

a. separates the DNA strands during replication ___

b. covalently connects segments of DNA ________

c. synthesizes short segments of RNA ______

d. removes the RNA nucleotides from the primer _______

e. elongates DNA strand in the 5′(3′ direction by adding new nucleotides to

the 3’ end. ___________

5. What are purines and pyrimidines ?

6. What do you call the triplet of nucleotides? __ _______

7. What is the enzyme that catalyzes RNA synthesis? _________

8. What is the difference b/w DNA polymerase and RNA polymerase ? ___

9. Define terms- Replication, Transcription and Translation.

10. Where does translation take place in the cell? ______

11. How is translation different in prokaryotes from that of eukaryotes?

HINT- RNA processing only happens in eukaryotic cell

12. Complete this sentence: The codon is a part of (m- or t-) RNA, while the

anticodon is a part of (m- or t-) RNA.

13. What is a mutation?

Select right choice below

14. Prokaryotic DNA is circular/linear vs Eukaryotic DNA is circular/linear .

15. Which DNA is stabilized by histones (Prokaryotic/eukaryotic)

16. Prokaryotic cells have single/multiple vs Eukaryotic cells have single/multiple chromosomes.